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- Systems neuroscience is a branch of neuroscience that studies the function and structure of neural circuits and systems. It aims to understand how neural networks and pathways give rise to cognitive processes and behavior. Here's a comprehensive list of various branches and topics within systems neuroscience:

1. Neural Circuitry and Network Analysis¶

Neural Circuit Mapping and Connectivity
Functional Neural Networks
Synaptic Connectivity
Large-Scale Brain Networks
Network Theory in Neuroscience

2. Sensory Systems¶

Visual System (Processing of Visual Information)
Auditory System (Hearing and Sound Processing)
Somatosensory System (Touch and Body Sensation)
Olfactory System (Smell)
Gustatory System (Taste)

3. Motor Systems¶

Motor Cortex and Neural Control of Movement
Basal Ganglia and Movement Regulation
Cerebellum and Motor Coordination
Spinal Motor Circuits
Neural Basis of Motor Learning

4. Cognitive Neuroscience¶

Neural Basis of Learning and Memory
Attention and Executive Systems
Language Processing Networks
Decision Making and Reward Systems
Social Neuroscience and Neural Basis of Social Behavior

5. Limbic System and Emotion¶

Amygdala and Emotional Processing
Hippocampal Formation and Memory
Prefrontal Cortex and Affective Regulation

6. Neuroplasticity and Neural Development¶

Synaptic Plasticity and Learning
Neural Development and Critical Periods
Experience-Dependent Plasticity
Adult Neurogenesis

7. Computational and Theoretical Neuroscience¶

Computational Models of Neural Systems
Theoretical Approaches to Brain Function
Neural Network Modeling
Simulation of Neural Dynamics

8. Neuroimaging and Brain Mapping¶

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI)
Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
Electroencephalography (EEG)
Magnetoencephalography (MEG)
Optical Imaging Techniques

9. Neuropsychology and Behavioral Neuroscience¶

Cognitive and Behavioral Consequences of Neural Disorders
Brain Lesion Studies
Behavioral Analysis in Animal Models

10. Neurophysiology¶

Electrophysiological Recording (In Vivo and In Vitro)
Brain Oscillations and Synchronization
Intracellular and Extracellular Recording Techniques
Neuromodulation and Transmitter Systems

11. Psychophysics and Sensory Processing¶

Perception Studies
Sensory Integration
Neural Coding of Sensory Information

12. Neuropharmacology and Neurotransmitter Systems¶

Effects of Drugs on Neural Systems
Neurotransmitter Release and Uptake
Receptor Dynamics and Signal Transduction

13. Neuroendocrinology¶

Interactions Between the Nervous System and Endocrine System
Hormonal Regulation of Brain Functions

14. Sleep and Arousal Systems¶

Neural Mechanisms of Sleep and Wakefulness
Circadian Rhythms and Biological Clocks
Sleep Disorders and Their Neural Basis

15. Neuropathology and Neurodegeneration¶

Neurobiological Basis of Neurodegenerative Diseases
Neural Injury and Recovery Mechanisms
Neuroinflammation and its Effects on Neural Systems

Systems neuroscience encompasses a wide array of techniques and approaches, from molecular and cellular studies to behavioral and cognitive investigations. It is instrumental in advancing our understanding of how the brain functions as an integrated whole and how its various systems interact to produce behavior and cognition.

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